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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Social epidemiology ： ウィキペディア英語版 Social epidemiology Social epidemiology is defined as "The branch of epidemiology that studies the social distribution and social determinants of health,"〔Berkman LA, Kawachi I. "A Historical Framework for Social Epidemiology." In: Berkman L, Kawachi I, eds. ''Social epidemiology''. New York: Oxford University Press; 2000:3-12.〕 that is, "both specific features of, and pathways by which, societal conditions affect health."〔Krieger N. A glossary for social epidemiology. ''J Epidemiol Community Health''. Oct 2001;55(10):693-700. (Reprinted in ''Epidemiological Bulletin'', Vol. 23 No. 1, March 2002 )〕 Social epidemiology may focus on individual-level measures, or on emergent social properties that have no correlation at the individual level; simultaneous analysis at both levels may be warranted.〔Diez-Roux A. Bringing context back into epidemiology: variables and fallacies in multilevel analysis. ''Am J Public Health''. 1998;88:216-222.〕 Use of such multilevel models (also known as hierarchical and mixed effects models) has grown in recent years, but as for all observational epidemiology, this approach suffers from theoretical and practical concerns.〔Oakes JM. The (mis)estimation of neighborhood effects: causal inference for a practicable social epidemiology. ''Soc Sci Med''. May 2004;58(10):1929-1952.〕 Social epidemiology overlaps with fields in the social sciences, most notably medical anthropology, medical sociology, and medical geography. However, these latter fields often use health and disease in order to explain specifically social phenomenon (such as the growth of lay health advocacy movements), 〔Brown P. Naming and framing: the social construction of diagnosis and illness. ''J Health Soc Behav''. 1995;Spec No:34-52.〕 while social epidemiologists generally use social concepts in order to explain patterns of health in the population. == References == 〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Social epidemiology」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.